The Tongue Piercing Jatra of Bode and Thimi, celebrated as part of the larger Bisket Jatra festivities, is one of Nepal’s most fascinating and spiritually charged traditions. This ritual, deeply rooted in the Newar culture, is not only a vivid display of physical endurance but also a powerful symbol of devotion and the triumph of good over evil.
Historical Background
The Newar community, known for its rich cultural and religious practices, has celebrated Bisket Jatra for centuries. The Tongue Piercing Jatra is said to date back to the Lichhavi period (circa 400–750 AD), a time of significant cultural and religious development in Nepal.
According to legend, the festival was established to commemorate the victory over a demon named Nilbarahi, who terrorized the residents of Bode. The demon would abduct children, causing widespread fear and sorrow. In response, the community sought divine intervention, and the ritual of tongue piercing emerged as a form of atonement and spiritual defense against malevolent forces
Ritual Practices
Preparation for the Ceremony
The festival’s highlight is the tongue-piercing act, performed by a volunteer who undergoes rigorous spiritual preparation. This includes fasting, abstinence from certain activities, and participation in purification rituals. The volunteer, often a local man, dedicates himself fully to the task, embodying the community’s collective faith.
The piercing instrument, typically an iron spike, is prepared by a local blacksmith and symbolically purified using mustard oil and prayers. The day before the piercing, a grand celebration ensues, filled with music, dances, and offerings to the deities
The Day of the Piercing
On the designated day, the volunteer’s tongue is pierced in a public ceremony, witnessed by thousands of spectators. The piercing takes place near the Pancho Ganesh temple, one of Bode’s significant shrines. With the spike driven through his tongue, the volunteer embarks on a procession around the town.
The atmosphere during the procession is electric. Traditional Newari music, including the beating of dhime drums and the sound of flutes, accompanies the volunteer. He visits various temples, offering prayers and seeking blessings at each stop
Symbolism of the Bamboo Pole
The pierced volunteer carries a sacred bamboo pole known as a “lingo,” symbolizing the spine of the demon Nilbarahi. The pole is adorned with colorful ribbons and offerings. The volunteer’s silent endurance throughout the procession is seen as a testament to his spiritual strength and the blessings of the gods
The Spiritual and Cultural Significance
The Tongue Piercing Jatra is more than a test of physical endurance; it is a deeply symbolic act representing:
- Devotion and Sacrifice: The volunteer’s willingness to endure pain demonstrates ultimate devotion to the deities and a readiness to protect the community from evil forces.
- Triumph of Good Over Evil: The ritual commemorates the community’s collective victory over demons, symbolizing the power of faith and unity.
- Purification and Renewal: The act of tongue piercing is seen as a form of spiritual purification, aligning with the overarching theme of renewal during Bisket Jatra.
Sindur Jatra: A Complementary Celebration
While Bode hosts the Tongue Piercing Jatra, nearby Thimi celebrates the vibrant Sindur Jatra. In this event, processions of palanquins carrying deities wind through the streets as participants hurl sindur (vermillion powder) into the air and at each other. This festival is a spectacle of color, joy, and religious fervor, complementing the solemnity of the tongue-piercing ritual
The Role of Community
The success and continuity of the Tongue Piercing Jatra rely heavily on the collective efforts of the community. From the preparation of the ritual tools to the organization of processions and ceremonies, the event is a communal endeavor.
Local priests, musicians, blacksmiths, and volunteers each play essential roles, ensuring the rituals are performed correctly and safely. The festival strengthens community bonds and reinforces a shared cultural identity
Modern-Day Observance and Challenges
Despite its ancient roots, the Tongue Piercing Jatra has adapted to modern times. Increased awareness of hygiene and medical safety has led to precautions such as sterilizing the spike and using traditional herbal remedies to prevent infection.
However, the festival faces challenges. The pool of volunteers willing to participate has dwindled due to the physical demands of the ritual and changing societal attitudes. Moreover, the growing influence of modern entertainment has somewhat overshadowed traditional practices, prompting efforts to preserve and promote this unique heritage
Tourism and Global Recognition
The Tongue Piercing Jatra, alongside Bisket Jatra, has garnered international attention, drawing tourists and researchers alike. Its unique blend of spiritual devotion, cultural vibrancy, and dramatic spectacle makes it a highlight of Nepal’s festival calendar.
For visitors, witnessing the festival offers an unparalleled glimpse into the rich tapestry of Newar traditions and the enduring power of communal faith
Conclusion
The Tongue Piercing Jatra of Thimi and Bode stands as a testament to the Newar community’s deep-rooted traditions and spiritual resilience. It embodies a fascinating blend of history, mythology, and cultural identity, making it one of Nepal’s most remarkable festivals. As the festival continues to evolve, its core message of devotion, unity, and triumph over adversity remains as powerful as ever.
References
- Pathfinder Treks and Expedition: Bisket Jatra OverviewPathfinder Treks
- Buddha Nepal Trek Blog: Tongue Piercing in BodeNepal Trekking and Tour
